Having quite an “innocent” name, Legionnaires’ Disease can easily be underestimated. However, reports say that the bacteria-borne infection can be devastating, leaving some victims with lifelong complications, even amputations, a mortality rate of up to 30 percent.
Right now, a community in the south Bronx in New York City is in the throes of a deadly outbreak of Legionnaires’ Disease. Since July 10, there have been 86 confirmed cases of the disease. Seven people have died.
What is Legionnaires’ Disease?
Legionnaires’ disease is a common name for one of the several illnesses caused by Legionnaires’ disease bacteria (LDB). Legionnaires’ disease is an infection of the lungs and is a form of pneumonia. More than 43 species of Legionella have been identified and more than 20 linked with human diseases.
What is the cause of Legionnaires’ disease?
There are approximately 35 Legionella species known to produce the disease. Legionella species are commonly found in any aquatic environment. They can survive for several months in a wet environment and multiply in the presence of algae and organic.
What are the signs and symptoms of Legionnaires’ Disease?
Legionnaires’ disease usually develops 2 to 10 days after exposure to the bacteria. It frequently begins with the following signs and symptoms:
Legionella bacteria is usually found (often in harmlessly low numbers) in sources of water, such as ponds, rivers and lakes. However, the bacteria can rapidly multiply if they find their way into artificial water supply systems, such as air conditioning systems.
Large buildings, such as hotels, hospitals, museums and office blocks, are more vulnerable to Legionella contamination because they have larger, more complex water supply systems in which the bacteria can quickly spread.
The two things that Legionella bacteria need to grow and reproduce are:
- a water temperature of 20-45C (68-113F)
- impurities in the water that the bacteria can use for food – such as rust, algae and limescale
So, if you happen to be exposed to legionella bacteria, it is better to see your doctor. Diagnosing and treating Legionnaires’ disease as soon as possible can help shorten the recovery period and prevent serious complications that might prevent you from dying.
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